Curling iron



Aug. 30, 1932. F. R. MARCEL CURLING IRON Filed March 20, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 ATTORNEY F. R. MARCEL CURLING IRON Filed March 20, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 zlgig'roR Z ATTORNEY NM wy Patented Aug. 3%, 1932 tastes PATENT FRANCQIS R. MARGEL, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK CUBLING neon Application filed March 20,

My invention relates to curling irons and it embodies several different features which are capable of use independently of each other but which, when combined, co-operate toprovide a most eflicient curling iron. The subject of the invention may be employed in a curling iron which is to be gas heated or it may be embodied in an iron adapted to be heated by an electric resistance heater arranged within one of the members of the iron, the invention in no way affecting the method by which the iron is heated.

One of the desirable objects to be obtained with a curling iron is to tightly grip the lock of hair between the spoon member and the rod member in a manner which will permit pressure to be applied to the hair. In the waving of hair heat is only one factor to be considered because in addition it is necest to obtain proper pressure and tension as l otherwise the mere application of heat Wlll result in only a temporary wave; i. e., a wave which will disa pear from the ha1r in a few hours. But w me the pressure and heat are both effectively applied the hair ill remain waved over longer periods.

In the present case I have provided a curling iron in which the rod and spoon cooperate to snugly grip the hair along one as well as pivot and the pressure asthe rod approaches th spoon will be primarily toward one dge of the spoon.

Another object of my invention is to provide means of adjustment for controlling the closed position of the spoon and rod members in such manner that the hair may be gripped tightest near the pivotal connection of these members or near the outer ends. This adjustable feature determines the relative angle of the rod and spoon members 1931. Serial No. 523,983.

when they are in closed position. IIeretofore, curling irons have been made with a fixed relation between the rod and spoon members, no adjustment being provided to permit the user to adjust the iron to suit is or her particular taste or method of use. With the present device the user may, by adjusting the stop screw, cause the spoon and rod members to lie closer together near their outer ends or to lie closer together toward the pivotal point, or these members may be adjusted to lie parallel with each other.

Some hairdressers prefer to engage the lock of hair nearer the point of the iron than the pivot and the present iron is adjustable to suit the taste or the whims of the operator. In every case it is desirable that the proper pressure may be applied to the lock of hair wherever the same engages in the iron and this is made possible with the present device.

Another object of my invention is to provide a flange on the rod member projecting over and engaging one of the longitudinal edges of the spoon member for the purpose of applying heat and pressure to the hair where it bends over the edge of the spoon for the purpose of producing what is known as a marcel wave. This feature is in the present case combined with a rocking or tilting fulcrum above referred to, and when so combined it is more effective than in the irons heretofore made. In my U. S. Letters Patent No. 1,27 7,7 39 and dated Sept. 3, 1918 I showed and claimed a curling iron having broadly this flange feature and the novelty in the present case as far as this feature is concerned, resides principally in the combination with the rocking fulcrum feature above referred to.

Another object of my invention is to make it possible to adjust the rod member laterally in relation to the spoon member in order to vary the pressure against the hair on either side of the spoon member. This is done by adjusting the fulcrum screw and it permits the other features of my invention to be used in conjunction with this lateral adjustment feature. Other objects and advantages will be set forth in the following description of my invention.

IOU

orally in relation to each other,

i In the drawings forming part of this application,

Figure 1 is a side elevation of acurling iron embodying my invention, in which view-the hair clamping members are shown in closed position in full lines and in open position in dotted lines,

Figure 2 is. a sectional View taken on the line 22 of Figure 1 and is substantially a plan view of the iron with one of the handles cut away by the section line, I

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken, on the line83 of Figure 1,

' Figure i is a longitudinal, central sectional. 57 View of a portion of the iron showing the efi'ect'of one oftheadjustments referred to herein, I I 1 Figure 5 is a similar view showing another effect of one of the adjustments,

Figure 6 is a horizontal sectional View of a portion of the iron onan enlarged scale,

. showing the means for pivotally connecting the spoon and rod members,

Figure 7 is a similar View showing. the efi'ect of ad usting the rod and spoon members lat- Figure 8 is aside elevation of my invenb1 011 having incorporated therein the flange member referred to, l

I Figure 9 1s a cross sectional vlew through the rod andspoon membersshowing the same I as these members start to close upon each other,

Figure 10 is a similar viewshowing therea F155 lation ofthese members when they are pressed spoon member alone, and

toward each other and the rod member is caused to rock in relation to the spoon mem- Figure 11 is a cross sectional view ofthe Figure 12 is a cross sectional view ofthe rod member alone, illustratm g the mounting within the rod member of the ordinary type of electric heater.

Fig. '13 is a detail view'illustrating the free end of the rod received within the spoon member.

I will first describe my invention as emr bodied in the form shown in Figures 1 to 5 inclusive, which is what might be called the. -Figures 6 and 7 illustrate parts of the iron regardless of whether it is of the plain type shown in Figures 1 to 5 or the flange iron shown in Figures 8 to 12 inclusive. l

plain iron.

In Figures 1 to 51 have shown'co-operating members adapted to gripthe hair between them and consisting of the rod member'l T which is usually circular in cross section and provided with a pointed end 2. The other member consists of a spoon 3 having a hollow recess -to receive a portion of the rod member therein and this is usually provided with pointed end 4 to facilitate insertion into v the hair. right beyond the pivotal point as shown at.

The rod member extends to the a handle 6 of heat insulatingmaterial.

setting the head of the screw 5 and this end of the rod is provided with v spoon member is provided with ,ayoke 7 and from this extends a rod 8 on which 1s mounted a second handle member 9' also of heat insulating material. The operator grasps the The two handles and manipulates them to operate the rod and spoon members for engaging the hair and curling it about these members. The rod and spoon'members areconnected with each other in the present case'pivotally and so that they may rock and for this pur pose I have shown a screw 10 which extends through an aperturell in one side of the yoke 7 the aperture being slightly larger than the diameter of the screw to give'a certain play 7 forthe screw to move or rock. The head of the screw 10 engages. against the outer sur-' face of the yoke member 7 and the shank of the screw is threaded into a threaded bore 12 of the-rod'memberL Preferably, there is a socket 13 in one side of the rod member communicating with the bore 12 and the-pivot screw lO is upset or riveted on its endas'shown at 14 so that the head will act as a stop against the shoulder 15 and prevent the screw from being-entirely withdrawn from the rod member.

This screw is adapted to have a certain adj ustment within the socket as" will be referred to hereinafter. I have, shown anaperture 16 through the opposite side of the yoke through which a tool mayfbe inserted for upare first assembledt 7 Within the rod 8 which forms an extension of the yokeof the spoon member, I have provided; a threaded socket 17 in which'a stop screw 18 is threaded andthere is a socket 19 to receive the head of the screw therein. This screw may be adjusted for a purpose to be vhereinafter described and when the iron is closed as shown in Figures 4 and 5 the en-' largement 20' on the rod member 1 abuts against the head of the screw18.

In Figures 6 to 12 I have shown the flange type of iron embodying the other features of my invention. In Figures 8 to 11 inclusivethe iron consists in part of the spoon member 21 one edge 22 of which is thinned out and slightly turnedinwardly toward the axis of the spoon. Thespoon member also has a yoke 23 corresponding with the yoke previously when theparts I described and it also has a rod 21 forming a support for the handle 25. The rod member der 32 which is adapted to 'co-operate with the narrow edge 22 of the spoon member for the purpose of pressing the hair against this edge and forming a fulcrum for therod to rockon the flange 33 in order to throw the rod fromthe position shown in Figure 9 to "the position shown in Figure 10.

This flange, in addition to performing the ;iulcrum feature referred to, serves the same 1 to 5 inclusive if desired.

pemtion The operator may first adjust the iron to have the hair gripped tightest either near the point of the iron or near the pivot. As

shown in Figure 4 the stop screw 17 may be screwed upwardly in the socket '18 so that the member 20 rises a greater distance before striking against the stop screw when the iron is closed. When the stop screw is adjusted, as shown in this figure, the rod and spoon will not lie perfectly parallel when in closed position but they will diverge slightly, the angle being somewhat exaggerated in Figure 4. This will cause the rod and spoon members to touch at their outer or free endsand to be spaced a gradually increasing distance toward the pivotal point of the iron.

In this adjustment of the iron, if a lock of hair is placed between the rod and spoon members near their outer or free ends, the hair will be gripped t ghtly by these mem bers; but if a lock of hair is placed nearer the pivotal point it will not be gripped as tightly as when placed near the free ends of the rod and spoon members.

If the stop screw 17 is turned down to the position shown in Figure 5 it will arrest the upward movement or" the member 20 in a different position when the iron is closed and as a result the rod and spoon members will diverge in a reverse order to that shown in Figure 4; that is to say, when the iron is closed the rod and spoon members will be closer together near the pivotal point and be slightly separated near their outer or free ends. In this adjustment of the parts,if the lock of hair is placed between the rod and spoon members at a pointncarer the pivot the hair will be gripped tightly when these members are closed. but it the lock of hair is placed between the rod and spoon members adjacent their outer or free ends this member will not grip the hair as tightly as in the first position.

t will be apparent from this that the operator may adjust the screw 17 to obtain the condition best suited to the operators style of work, so that any adjustment may be made to suit the taste or style of the operator. It will be apparent that at some intermediate point of adjustment of the screw the rod and sp oon'members will lie parallel;

when in closed position if that is desired.

The pivot screw may be turned in either direction. If it is turned in one direction the rod member 1 will be shifted laterally in relation to the spoon member, as shown in Figure 7, for instance, so that the rod member will lie closest to one side of the spoon, ie., the bottom side as viewed in Figure 2; and the spacing between the rod and the opposite side of the spoon will be greater,

as shown in Figure 7.

If the screw is turned in the opposite direction the rod member will be shifted upwardly as shown in Figure 6 so that the rod will not lie as close to the bottom edge of the spoon as viewed in Figure 2 and will naturally lie closer to the top edge as viewed in this figure. The adjustment will be made in accordance with the amount of pinching action which the rod is to make against the lower edge of the spoon in Figure 2. This adjustment having been made, it will not be necessary to alter the adjustment except when a change of action in the iron is desired. 5

When using the iron shown in Figures 1. to 5 the operator will grasp the handles in one hand, manipulating the lock of hair in the other, and will first open the iron to the dotted line position in Figure 1. The lock othair is then passed between the rod and spoon members at any desired point along their length and the handles are then pressed toward each other. As the rod and spoon members move toward each other they pivot on the screw 10 which forms a fulcrum only on one side of the rod member so that there is both a pivotal and a rocking action as between the rod and spoon members. This will cause the rod member to press againstthe edge 22 of the spoon member as the rod moves downwardly into the spoon; and when the final pressure is applied the member will strike against the stop screw 1'? which will then become a second fulcrum point so that further pressure of the handles toward each other will cause the rod member to rock or tilt toward the upper edge 37 the action being illustrated in Figure 18. This causes the hair to be drawn into and stretched between the rod and spoon and to tighten the hair around the edge 22 of the spoon.

As pointed out above, the adjustment of the screw 17 will vary the angle between the rod and spoon members so that the gripping action onthe hairmay be greatest near the point or near the pivot or it may be equal throughout. their length. It will be under-' stoodthat the lock of hair whichisplaced V betweenthe rod and spoon members offers some resistance to the closing ofthe rod'in the spoon and to some extent forms a fulcrum for these members.

. V Thesingleor one sided pivot constituting the screw causes the rod member to press closely against the edge 22 of the spoon during the closing operation and this pivot also permits the rod to tilt or rock within the spoon inthe manner above described. These I theedge 22 of thespoon member.

The device shown in Figures 8 to 12'oper- 25 atesvery similar to the first described device. Q As far as the pivotalaction on the fulcrum screw 28 is concerned and as .far as the stop f screw 17 is concerned, the action corresponds with. the'firstform'. When the lock of hair I 30 is placed between the rod and spoon members in this form of the device and the handles arepressed toward each other, the rod member approaches the spoon member, pressing on the lock of hair which passes'between them. As the rod member moves down, the flange 33 presses thehair against the slightly inturned edge 22 of the spoon member, securing a tight grip at this point which is necessary to form the desiredwave, and also to 1 40, apply heat to the hair around the edge 22.

As further pressure is applied to thehandles, therod member will rock from the position shown in Figure 9 toapproximately that shown in Figure 10, the shoulder 43 acting as a fulcrum, so that the opposite side of the iron approaches the edge 37 of the flange drawing against the hair which remains tightlyclamped between the shoulder 32 and the edge 22 of the spoon. As aresult, when lthe rod and spoon members are tightly pressed, the lock of hair is-"tightly gripped between the rod and spoon members and is more or less placed under tension. This tension is necessary, in conjunction-with the ,5,5 heat, to set the wave so that it willbe re -4 tained by the hair over an-appreciable length of time. This tension could not be obtained in any of the irons as heretofore constructed.

I With the present type of ironit is, possible to -6 wave the hair so that it will-be preserved from one shampoo to another, whereas with most irons the wave will last only a short period, such as day or two. I am enabled to accomplish results with the present iron which are substantially equal toa permanent Cal actions permit the operator. to producea more perfect and more permanent wave in thehair than was possible with irons as here awave insofaras it is "only. necessary to Wave 3 :wave and of suflicient lasting quality tobe.

preserved over theperiod of time-referred to.

It will be apparent that the one sided pivot' described herein may be used without the other features of my invention and the stop screw 17 may also be used independently butg whenthe several features described herein are used in the same iron their combined effect results in an iron capableof performing work which could not be performed heretofore. f d A 7 11,3

Having described my invention, what" I I claimtisi r r 1 In a curling iron the combination of a spoon member and a rod member co-operating therewith to clamp hair between them 2 and having handle sections 'for manipulating said spoon and rod members, and a single pivotal member only, connecting said spoon member and said rod member at one side only thereof, whereby said spoon and rod mem-II bers may pivot in relation to each otherandalso rock on'said single pivotal member for the purpose set forth. r 2. Ina curlingiron the combination ofa spoon-member and a rod member co-operat-3J ing therewith to clamp hair between them and having handle sections for manipulating said spoon and rod members, said spoon member having a yoke provided with an aperture, said rod member having a single pivotal J member project-ing at one side only thereof, and passing through said aperture in said A yokemember to pivotally connect said spoon and rod members whereby they may pivot in relation to each other and also rock on said... single pivotalmember for the purpose set forth. g V 1 v f V 3. In a curling iron the combination of a spoon member anda rod member co-operatmg therewith to clamp hair; between them and having handle sections for manipulating said spoon androd members, said spoon member having'a yoke straddling the rod A member and provided with an aperture therein, a single pivotal member connected with said rod member at one side only thereof and extending through said aperture and having a head on the exterior thereof, said aperture being large enough to permit said pivotal member to rock therein whereby said spoon'l and rod members may pivot inrelation tofl each other and also rock on said single pivotal member for the purpose set forth.

4. In a curling iron the combination-of a spoon member and a rod member co-operating therewith to clamp hair between them and having handle sections for manipulating said spoon and rodm'embers, a single pivotal member for pivotally connecting said spoon M member and said rod member at one side only.

thereof whereby said spoon and rod members may pivot and rock on said single pivotal member, and means forming an adjustable abutment between said rod and spoon members and adapted to vary the angle between said spoon and rod members when the latter are closed in relation to each other.

5 In a curling iron the combination of a spoon member and a rod member co-operating therewith to clamp hair between them and having handle sections for manipulating said spoon and rod members, a single pivotal member for pivotally connecting said spoon and rod members at one side only thereof whereby said spoon and rod members may pivot and rock on said single pivotal 7 member, and an adjustable stop screw to the rear of said pivotal connection adapted to form an adjustable fulcrum between said spoon and rod members to vary the angle be- I tween said spoon and rod members when in closed position.

6. In a curling iron the combination of a spoon member and a rod member co-operating therewith to clamp hair between them and having handle sections for manipulating said spoon and rod members, a screw engaging said rod member at one side only thereof and passing through one side of said Spoon member said screw being adapted to swivel in said spoon member whereby said spoon and rod members may pivot in relation to each other and also rock on said pivot, said pivot screw being adapted to be adjusted to vary the relative positions of said spoon and rod members in a lateral direction.

7. In a curling iron the combination of a spoon member and a rod member co-operating therewith to clamp hair between them and having handle sections for manipulating said spoon and rod members, said rod member having a laterally extending threaded bore communicating with an enlarged recess, a pivotal screw threaded in said bore and having a head on one end lying in said recess and adapted to limit the travel of said screw in one direction, said spoon member having a yoke provided with an aperture through which said pivot screw extends and in which said screw may swivel to form a pivotal connection at one side only between said spoon and rod'members on which said rod member is adapted to rock and to pivot for the purpose set forth, said screw being adapted to be adjusted to vary the relative lateral relation of said rod and spoon members.

8. In a curling iron the combination of a spoon member and a rod member co-operating therewith to clamp hair between them and having handle sections for manipulating said spoon and rod members, a member for pivotallyconnecting said spoon and rod members at one side only thereof said connecting member being adapted to swivel in said spoon member whereby said spoon and rod mem bers may pivot in relation to each other and rock on said pivot, said rod member having a longitudinal flange adapted to co-opcrate with one side edge of said spoon member to clamp the hair against the same.

9. In a curling iron the combination of a spoon member and a rod member co-operating therewith to clamp hair between them and having handle sections for manipulating said spoon and rod members, a member for pivotally connecting said spoon and rod members at one side only thereof said connecting member being adapted to swivel in said spoon member whereby said spoon and rod members may pivot in relation to each other and rock on said pivot for the purpose set forth, said spoon member having a narrow edge at one side turned inwardly in relation to the angle of the interior of said spoon member, said rod member having a flange engaging said inturned edge of the spoon member adapted to clamp the hair against said edge.

Signed at the city, county and State of New York, the 14th day of February, 1931.

FRANCOIS R. MARGEL. 

